NEW DELHI: The Indian Army has turned to leading academic institutions in search of solutions for next-generation warfare. Technology is a central element of what are being described as the Army’s ‘five pillars’ of transformation a decade-long process that began in 2023.
Over the past two years, development has concentrated on niche and disruptive technologies such as artificial intelligence, robotics, cybersecurity, swarm drones, and advanced materials.
Last week, the Army tied-up with the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras to establish ‘Agnishodh’ or the Indian Army Research Cell (IARC) on the campus. It would focus on translating academic research into real-world military applications, with emphasis on additive manufacturing, cybersecurity, quantum computing and unmanned aerial systems.
The Army has forged multiple strategic partnerships with IITs across the country, leveraging academic expertise and research capabilities to develop cutting-edge defence solutions.
IIT-Kanpur is focusing on joint research in engineering, physical and biomedical sciences, and management. It is also developing advanced training modules and simulators for drones.
IIT-Gandhinagar is finding a solution for the Army’s requirements, including the development of lighter and stronger bullet-proof jackets and materials for bunkers.
IIT-Delhi is streamlining the transfer of new technologies from the lab to the field, ensuring that innovations are effectively operationalised. With IIT-Guwahati, the Army is developing bamboo-based composites for use in high-altitude bunkers.
The projects not only address immediate technological needs, but also lays the foundation for a self-sufficient technologically-aided Army.
The Army’s decade of transformation is aligned with the 25-year reform roadmap announced by the Department of Military Affairs, headed by Chief of Defence Staff General Anil Chauhan. It reflects the changing character of war, including the perceived collusive threat from Pakistan and China, and the increasing prevalence of ‘grey zone’ warfare — a term used for unannounced war.
A key pillar is ‘modernisation and technology infusion’. It targets capability development in terms of weapons, systems, equipment and logistics. Enhancing battle field situational awareness with focused efforts for long range precision capabilities, secured communication, electronic warfare, air defence and cyber security.
The target is on shaping and enabling ‘techno warriors’ and commanders.
Another pillar, ‘jointness and integration’ focuses on merging the Army’s operations with those of the Air Force and Navy. Integrated theatre commands are on the cards. So far, achievements include the establishment of joint logistic nodes. The next step is shared operational bases and Army’ integration with Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs), especially in the Northeast.
Force restructuring will produce lighter, more agile formations to counter asymmetric threats, especially in counter-terrorism operations.
The fourth pillar is change in systems, processes and functions. This aims to bring about an organisational culture change. It is working to identify pressure points, prioritise and encourage thought leaders. Also being worked at, are digitised, networked, automated and in-house solutions to meet functional and operational needs.
Finally, human resource management will review existing policies and reforms related to recruiting, manpower planning, career management, welfare of personnel including veterans and families, leadership development and training.